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I only use additives in their drinking water during the build up to, and through out the breeding season. The additive I use is children's vitamins (liquid form) that I obtain from the local chemist it's called (abidec multivitamins drops) I only put three drops to a pint of water on the build up to breeding (dropper comes with product) DO NOT put any more than intended as this vitamin is for human consumption. Therefore is too strong for the birds in larger quantities.
When the Java's have a full nest of young I will increase the strength to five drops in a pint of water, until the young have stopped feeding off their mother. Then they will go back to plain old water.
A 50ml bottle will last me for six months. Don't keep any unused adidec it will only go off.

Liquid Cod liver oil I use for the Java's because I cannot get them to swallow the capsule form Ha! (Joke!)
I use the oil for treating their seed.
The way I use it is: take three to four pounds of dry seed mix and place it in a container with a lid. Add at the rate of ½" teaspoon of cod liver oil per pound of seed mix, put the lid on the container and thoroughly shake the container until all the seeds have been coated with oil. Now leave this seed for a good twelve hours to absorb the cod liver oil, the seed needs to be free running again and not sticky. I must say here do be accurate with the dosage its most important. Now take the treated seed and mix it with the equal amount of dry untreated seed mix, the seed is now ready for serving to your Java's. I serve this mix in a separate bowl from the normal seed in the aviary, only so I can control how much oil they are eating a week, on average I feed it twice a week.
Why cod liver oil:
I give cod liver oil because it contains the essential Vitamins A and D also it's the best way of administering iodine.

Safflower oil is one of the best sources of essential fatty acids. Fatty acids are not made by Java's bodies and must be supplied daily through seed. I provide this supplement by mixing it into the Java's daily seed intake. Safflower oil is rich in linoleic acid, linolenic acid (essential fatty acids), also it contains vitamins A and E and promotes healthy feathers, skin, bones, and nails. I mix 1 tablespoon of safflower oil per pound of dry seed mix and feed it a 100% treated in small amounts to avoid it going off. Again I feed this in a separated container from their normal seed. My Java's love this coated seed, they will polish it off before their normal seed. The only draw back with this mix is It must be kept refrigerated; the oil is subject to rancidity if allowed to much exposure to light, air and heat.

These are the only additives I use on my Java's. I do not claim to be a chemist and know the ins and outs of bird's nutritional needs, it's based purely on things I have picked up on over the years listening to other people talk and reading about it. My Java's have never come to any harm using all three products, I have obtained some poor quality Java's from various sources and used these additives to bring them up to the quality I am accustomed to, good feather condition with a good sheen, bright eyes and deep coloured eye rings & beaks.